What does 'per' represent in mathematical operations?

In mathematical operations, the term 'per' is commonly used to indicate division. This usage is often seen in phrases such as "miles per hour" or "cost per item," where one quantity is divided by another to establish a rate or ratio. Essentially, 'per' signifies how many of one quantity exist in relation to another, which inherently involves dividing one number by another to determine the value of that relationship. This understanding is crucial for interpreting and solving problems involving rates, proportions, and comparisons effectively.