What mathematical formula is associated with the Pythagorean Theorem?

The formula associated with the Pythagorean Theorem is a² + b² = c². This theorem is fundamental in geometry and is specifically applicable to right-angled triangles. It states that in any right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse (c) is equal to the sum of the squares of the lengths of the other two sides (a and b). This relationship allows one to calculate the length of one side if the lengths of the other two sides are known, making it a powerful tool in both theoretical and practical applications related to distance and measurement.

The other provided options pertain to different mathematical concepts. The formula 2πr is used to calculate the circumference of a circle, Area = length × width calculates the area of a rectangle, and Volume = length × width × height determines the volume of a rectangular prism. While these formulas are also important in their respective contexts, they do not relate to the Pythagorean Theorem.